5. Solved exercises

Icono IDevice Reading activity

One of the reasons why Paco thinks there is not any good news in the newspaper is another piece he reads about a murderer that has recently taken place at a service station relatively close to the hotel. It is just two kilometres and a half away from it. All that terrible news has made him decide to travel to Kenya and have fun on a safari, since he loves, as we already know, wild animals. Let's read the article which helped Paco make that decision.

 

 

Staff murdered at a petrol station
By gak. C. Commons

Freetown – A member of the staff of the only service station in the north-west of Freetown was robbed at gunpoint on Sunday night. The thief shot and killed him before rushing off, as the shop assistant had refused to give him the money from the till.

A European couple who were walking around had also been robbed half an hour before at a corner next to the station. Fortunately, they had decided to give all their cash to the thief. They are having their car repaired and that is why they had not taken it.

A man driving at high speed on the highway and with evident signs of nervousness was arrested by the police. It seems he had never been arrested before. At the moment, the police are busy investigating whether there is any kind of link between the two crimes. They had already arrested a thief in the same area when the armed robberies took place.

Inspector Thomas Scorn said the first incident took place at 21:25 at Percival Street.

By wit. C. Commons

"The couple of tourists had gone out for a relaxing walk. They were walking along Percival Street when a man with a red cap approached them from behind and asked them to give him the money. They got nervous but gave all their cash and valuables to the thief who rushed off down the street", said Scorn.

The second incident took place half an hour later at a service station on Krootown Road, barely two kilometres away.

"The armed man entered the premises, held up the member of the staff and tried to take an undisclosed amount of money. The shop assistant put up resistance and he was shot. The thief fled on foot," said Scorn.

"The police are now attempting to ascertain whether both robberies are linked and also whether any other service station armed robbery has recently been committed in the area. Incidents like these need stopping" said Scorn.

The man who was arrested is expected to appear in the Law Courts in Freetown next week.


Remember that at least one of the questions in any PAU exam is a Reading Comprehension question. However, it is also important that you bear in mind that you don't need to know every single word in a text to be able to understand it and answer one or more questions about it.

Answer the following questions:

1. According to the text, do the police know how much money was stolen from the service station? Explain your answer briefly.

2. According to the text, did the man who robbed the couple escape in a vehicle? Explain your answer briefly.



Icono de iDevice Solved exercise
There are lots of verb tenses in the previous article. Some of them refer to actions that had taken place before other actions in the past. How is this tense known in English?
You're right! Past Perfect. As you now know, quite frequently, the Past Perfect tense is used with a time complement which tells us that the action refers to a time before the past, or with a Past Simple tense.

Fill in the charts with three sentences from the text in the Past Perfect tense indicating whether they are in the Active or the Passive voice.

Past Perfect
Past Simple
   
   
   

Icono de iDevice Solved exercise
As you already know, one of the questions in the PAU texts is related to grammar. Quite frequently, you are asked to write one given-sentence from the text in a different tense and form. Let's practice it with the tenses we have already studied including the Past Perfect tense.

Write the following sentence in the forms and tenses asked in the chart: "A member of the staff of the only service station in the north-west of Freetown was robbed at gunpoint". Come on, it's easy!

 

Form and tense Answer
Interrogative negative of Past Simple  
Negative of the Present Perfect
 
Interrogative of the Present Continuous
 
Interrogative of the Past Simple  
Affirmative of the Past Perfect
 
Affirmative of the Present Continous  
Interrogative negative of the Past Perfect  

Icono de iDevice Solved exercise

Passive and Active

 

 

 

Some other times the question is strongly related to grammar points, similar to the ones asked in the exams you are used to doing. Let's see an example related to the passive and the active voice in English.

 

 


Change the following sentences from the text into the Passive voice.

Active voice
Passive voice
The thief shot and killed him before rushing off. Before the thief rushed off, ...
They had already arrested a thief in the same area.  
A man with a red cap asked them to give him the money. They ...
They gave all their cash and valuables to the thief.  

 

Now, change the following ones into the Active.

Passive voice Active voice
A European couple who were walking around had also been robbed half an hour before A thief (Someone)...
A man driving at high speed on the highway and with evident signs of nervousness was arrested by the police.  
The shop assistant put up resistance and he was shot. The shop assistant...
The police are now attempting to ascertain whether any other service station armed robbery has recently been committed recently in the area. The police are now...

 


Icono de iDevice Example activity

There are some other structures which have a passive meaning. Examples of them are the Causative have and the verb need + a gerund.

If you read the text carefully enough, you will two examples of those structures. Find them out!



 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

The two examples in the passage are:

1. They are having their car repaired (Someone else is repairing the car for them. Spanish: Les están arreglando el coche).

2. Incidents like these need stopping (Incidents like these need to be stopped. Spanish: Hay que acabar con incidentes de este tipo).

Use one of these structures to rewrite the following sentences:

 

Active sentence Passive sense
Someone has translated it into English for Andrés.  
Someone must sharpen the knives of the kitchen. The knives ...
Someone should cut Paco's hair. Paco's hair ...
Paco's parents are going to ask someone to paint their house.  

Icono de iDevice Example activity

 

Remember that in the PAU tests there is another question related to pronunciation. In it, you are asked to find out in the text two words which contain the same sound as a word which is provided. Normally, the sounds asked are long vowels, short vowels, diphthongs, and, more oddly, triphthongs.

Find two words in the text containing vowels that are pronounced in the same way as a in armed, u in gunpoint, and a in investigating. (Underline the part of the word that contain the sound).

To complete this exercise, it is essential that you recognize how the vowels in the examples given are pronounced. Let's concentrate for a while on /a:/ and /ʌ/.

Find as many words as you can in the text containing vowels that are pronounced in the same way as

a in armed

... ... ... ... ...

u in gunpoint ... ... ... ... ...

(Underline the part of the word that contains the sound).